3 Major Types of Fibre Optic Cables

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The effective operation of a telecommunication system depends on its components. When building such a system, you have to ensure that you will use the best fibre optic cables for the purpose. They have to be suitable for the respective environment and to do the required work effectively. Consider the main options which you have available.

Loose Tube

This is the most popular type of fibre optic cable for outdoor use. It is preferred because of its structure which can withstand great tension and provide effective protection from moisture. The fibres are set inside a loose tube, which is surrounded by special strengthening and protective components.

The tube can be filled with powder or gel which works to absorb water and protect the fibres. In some cases, there is a double jacket with a special protective layer inside. Depending on the material, which it is made from, the layer can provide extra strength or protection from pests that would chew through it. These cables can be installed above ground, underground or in pipes.

Distribution

These fibre optic cables are extensively used indoors. This is due to their compact size and small weight. They have a very basic structure. The fibres are surrounded by a layer of strength members. The jacket is strong and provides good general protection in a dry environment. At the same time, these cables can come with special protective features which enable them to be set safely outside as well. In general, direct termination of these cables is possible, but this has to be done inside a patch panel or a similar component.

Breakout

As their name suggests, these cables are designed to be used in places where direct termination without a breakout box or patch panel is required. The other major advantage which they have is their strength. They consist of a bunch of individual simplex cables which are surrounded by a jacket.

Given this design, the connector termination is a breeze. That is why they are preferred for industrial applications. They are set in a dry and safe environment. At the same time, they are pricier compared to their distribution counterparts. That is why they are typically used when the distance between the system components which have to be connected is short.

These are the main types of fibre optic cables, but there are other options as well. You need to have precise requirements in order to select the best model or models for your needs. Consider the environmental conditions, the tension which the component has to withstand and the type of connection which is required.

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